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为了研究碳纤维、聚酯纤维对混凝土在自由条件下的约束作用,通过设计对碳纤维混凝土、聚酯纤维混凝土和素混凝土加热放热试验,比较掺入不同纤维体积分数的纤维混凝土在大温差条件下无约束自由变形的差异,并用温度线膨胀系数表达。对试验数据进行分析,得到体积分数为1%的碳纤维混凝土比素混凝土抗自由变形能力提高了38.8%,在本试验的各种体积分数中效果最好。结果表明碳纤维与混凝土,虽然热力学性能不同,但是二者结合之后碳纤维因其高弹性模量的特性,反而可以更好地抑制混凝土自由变形。试验效果也表明,随着施工工艺的完善,碳纤维体积分数可能会超过1%,碳纤维对混凝土性能的提升仍然有很大的帮助。 相似文献
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张文明 《国防科技大学学报》1989,11(4):105-113
文中介绍了多目标联立最佳逼近CAD方法,对各种设计方法的性能作了分析比较,提出了改善途径。程序在IBM-PC/XT微机上运行通过,文中给出了应用线性相位IIR数字滤波器线性规划逼近法设计的低通实例。 相似文献
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A mathematical formulation of an optimization model designed to select projects for inclusion in an R&D portfolio, subject to a wide variety of constraints (e.g., capital, headcount, strategic intent, etc.), is presented. The model is similar to others that have previously appeared in the literature and is in the form of a mixed integer programming (MIP) problem known as the multidimensional knapsack problem. Exact solution of such problems is generally difficult, but can be accomplished in reasonable time using specialized algorithms. The main contribution of this paper is an examination of two important issues related to formulation of project selection models such as the one presented here. If partial funding and implementation of projects is allowed, the resulting formulation is a linear programming (LP) problem which can be solved quite easily. Several plausible assumptions about how partial funding impacts project value are presented. In general, our examples suggest that the problem might best be formulated as a nonlinear programming (NLP) problem, but that there is a need for further research to determine an appropriate expression for the value of a partially funded project. In light of that gap in the current body of knowledge and for practical reasons, the LP relaxation of this model is preferred. The LP relaxation can be implemented in a spreadsheet (even for relatively large problems) and gives reasonable results when applied to a test problem based on GM's R&D project selection process. There has been much discussion in the literature on the topic of assigning a quantitative measure of value to each project. Although many alternatives are suggested, no one way is universally accepted as the preferred way. There does seem to be general agreement that all of the proposed methods are subject to considerable uncertainty. A systematic way to examine the sensitivity of project selection decisions to variations in the measure of value is developed. It is shown that the solution for the illustrative problem is reasonably robust to rather large variations in the measure of value. We cannot, however, conclude that this would be the case in general. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 18–40, 2001 相似文献
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一类多目标模糊系数线性规划问题 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
讨论了一类所有系数均为模糊数的多目标线性规划问题 .通过对模糊数的比较 ,将模糊多目标线性规划模型转化为清晰的多目标模型 ,并应用一种基于线性隶属函数的模糊规划算法求其协调解 .最后给出了一个数值例子 . 相似文献
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为了尽快分析出未知水雷障碍参数,根据水雷战的特点,提出了建立未知水雷障碍参数分析专家系统的观点,对专家系统的设计方法进行了一定的探讨,并针对专家系统建立中的"瓶颈"问题,提出了基于Vague集插值近似推理的专家系统知识自动获取方法,在介绍推理过程的基础上给出了算例.从推理的结果来看,该方法具有较高的可信度,从而为专家系统的研制提供了一定的方法支持. 相似文献
469.
We apply the techniques of response surface methodology (RSM) to approximate the objective function of a two‐stage stochastic linear program with recourse. In particular, the objective function is estimated, in the region of optimality, by a quadratic function of the first‐stage decision variables. The resulting response surface can provide valuable modeling insight, such as directions of minimum and maximum sensitivity to changes in the first‐stage variables. Latin hypercube (LH) sampling is applied to reduce the variance of the recourse function point estimates that are used to construct the response surface. Empirical results show the value of the LH method by comparing it with strategies based on independent random numbers, common random numbers, and the Schruben‐Margolin assignment rule. In addition, variance reduction with LH sampling can be guaranteed for an important class of two‐stage problems which includes the classical capacity expansion model. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 753–776, 1999 相似文献
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